In Pune, Ganesh idols are traditionally made from a variety of materials, each chosen based on cultural preferences, environmental considerations, and artistic styles. The most traditional and eco-friendly material is clay, specifically Shadu Mati, a natural clay found in riverbeds that dissolves easily in water, making it ideal for environmentally friendly immersions. Another commonly used material is Plaster of Paris (POP), favored for its ease of molding and finishing, although it poses environmental challenges as it does not dissolve easily in water. Paper mache is gaining popularity due to its eco-friendly nature, being lightweight and biodegradable. Additionally, some artisans use natural fibers and plant-based materials such as coir and jute, which are biodegradable and aesthetically unique. There is also a growing trend towards using recyclable materials like recycled paper and cardboard, reflecting a shift towards more sustainable practices. The choice of material often depends on the preferences of the devotees, cost considerations, and the desire to minimize environmental impact, with many in Pune now opting for eco-friendly alternatives to reduce the ecological footprint of Ganesh Chaturthi celebrations.